宝春

各位同学们，为了督促帮助大家持续提升英语能力，培君老师们特意给大家准备了托福每日一包。每天覆盖听说读写内容，坚持完成两周以上，就能见到自己的英语能力不断上涨哟。

1. 听写包答案：

So what kind of attention are they attracting? And why?

Well, sometimes flowers provide shelter for insects, a place to lay eggs for instance.

But usually the attraction is food: nectar and pollen.

Nectar is mainly a sugar solution, while pollen is a grain made up of part of the plant's cell structure.

In both nectar and pollen production, quality and quantity vary over time.

But they are always related to the needs of the pollinator.

You can see that the relationship between pollinators and plants are delicate, so any number of factors can disturb them.

Human development is one.

And agriculture is generally believed to be the most harmful.

It can fragment habitats in a variety of ways, reducing the number of pollinators, which in turn may reduce the number or size of the flowers, which of course affects the animals that feed on them.

Exotic plant species not native to the area can move in and compete.

Even bees brought in to pollinate crops can alter natural pollen dispersal systems of rainforest plants.

On the other hand, recent studies have shown that the disruption of one aspect of the pollination cycle doesn't usually lead to the extinction of other species.

It turns out that plant-pollinator relationships are more adaptable to change than we thought.

So really it is hard to know just how agriculture affects the pollination of plants.

What is the lecture mainly about?

What does the professor say is the ideal pollinator for a plant?

According to the professor, what are some features of a flowering plant that can affect how attractive it is to pollinators?

Why does the professor mention bats?

According to the lecture, what can be inferred about a royal water lily whose flowers are red?

What is the professor's opinion about the effect of agriculture on pollination ecology?

那么，它们想吸引什么注意呢？为什么？

有些时候花朵给昆虫提供庇护，比如为它们产卵提供场所。

但通常来说，食物才是吸引力所在：花蜜和花粉。

花蜜主要是糖溶液，花粉则是由部分植物细胞结构组成的颗粒物。

在制造花蜜和花粉的过程中，质量和数量随着时间变化而不同。

但它们都和传粉者的需求有关。

你们也能发现，传粉者和植物之间的关系是很微妙的，任意因素都能影响它们。

人类发展就是其一。

而农业被认为是其中最有害的。

农业会以不同方式将栖息地碎片化，减少了传粉者的数量，转而可能会减少花朵数量或让花朵变小，这肯定也会影响以此为食的动物。

外来植物，即不是本区域的原生植物，能迁进来，参与竞争。

甚至连引进来的蜜蜂给作物传粉，也会改变雨林植物的花粉分布系统。

另一方面，最近研究表明，仅干扰授粉循环的其中一方面通常不会导致其它物种的灭绝。

原来植物和传粉者的关系比我们预想中的更具适应性。

所以，人们真的很难知道到底农业是怎样影响植物传粉的。

这节课主要讲了什么？

教授说的植物的理想传粉者是什么？

根据教授所言，对一株开花的植物而言，什么特性能影响植物对传粉者的吸引力？

为什么教授要提到蝙蝠？

根据这节课的内容，

关于农业对授粉生物学的影响，教授持什么观点？

2.阅读包答案：

对于那些不清楚获得这些治疗方法以及新疗法和新疫苗都需要进行动物实验的人来说，动物实验似乎说得好听点是浪费，说得不好听是残忍。

3.写作包答案：

Advances in motive power were for a long while the main way in which progress and national competition in technology were measured.First at sea,then on the railways,then on the roads,in the air and finally in space,more and more rapid movement was seen as an carefree good and also,in some vague way,as a key to a fuller understanding of the world.